Traditionally this has been a two-segment market. Think masculine head, neck crest, and coarse muscling.īull slaughter is made up of both beef and dairy animals.

However, for the purpose of grading standards, any mature, castrated, male bovine, which has developed or begun to develop the secondary physical characteristics of an uncastrated male is also considered a bull. USDA’s Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) defines a bull as a mature, approximately 24 months of age or older, uncastrated, male bovine. In 2021, this region had less 4% of the total bull slaughter but it is a region that has been dealing with persistent drought. Beginning in 2022, USDA also does not publish bull slaughter for region 8, which includes CO, MT, ND, SD, UT, and WY. This is an important region to monitor as it accounted for over 20% of all U.S. Beginning in January 2013, and then after being reported in 20, USDA no longer provides weekly bull slaughter data for region 5, which includes IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, and WI. Imports of Canadian slaughter bulls are up 13%, or 2,441 head, so far in 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.īecause of confidentiality constraints, USDA has discontinued reporting bull slaughter in a number of regions. Region 7 (IA, KS, MO, NE) has about 17% of the total and is up 5.0%. Region 4 (AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC) and region 6 (AR, LA, NM, OK, TX) each have about a fifth of the nation’s bull slaughter and are up 8.9% and 4.9%, respectively. Bull slaughter in region 3 (DE-MD, PA, WV, VA), which accounts for about 10% of the national total, averaged 21.4% above year ago levels through late-July.

Weekly bull slaughter shows a notable rise in some regions. Bulls tally 7.4% of the combined total FI cow and bull slaughter. On average, bulls make up about 1.6% of the total FI cattle slaughter. The run roughly consists of 60,000 steers, 37,000 heifers, 15,000 beef cows (what USDA labels as other cows), 10,000 dairy cows, and 2,000 bulls. Weekday federally inspected (FI) cattle slaughter is running about 124,000 head. A 3.1% decline would make the January 1 beef cow herd the smallest since 2014 which was the last bottom in the cattle inventory cycle. Any decline would make 2023 the fourth consecutive year with a smaller January 1 beef cow inventory. This would be down 3.1% from January 1, 2022. Jinventories of beef cows, beef replacement heifers, and bulls and a linear time trend predict the Janubeef cow herd at 29.202 million head. Using this, it possible to set up a predictive model that explains 98.62% of the variation in January 1 beef cow numbers.

Regression analysis allows researchers to predict or explain the variation of one variable based on another variable or set of variables. Including bulls makes the model an even better predictor. Years of crunching numbers show that the July 1 inventory of beef cows and heifers for beef cow replacement is a good predictor of the beef cow inventory six months later. Stepped up culling trimmed the JUS beef cow herd by 2.4% to 30.35 million head according to surveys by USDA for the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) mid-year Cattle report (Table 1). Producers have culled 7.5% of the national beef cow herd, which is the highest ever for this time of the year. Producers have also sent 14.3% or 277,367 more beef cows to slaughter than in the same period in 2021. Through the first almost seven months of 2022, bull slaughter is 5.1% or 14,955 head above year ago levels (Figure 1). Doing so may lift packers’ ability to bid for bulls. Still these non-fed beef packers strive to run plants at capacity to capture efficiencies. Cow and bull processors tend to be much smaller than fed cattle processors. Although few in number, bulls play an important role in supplying beef. Looking ahead, packers will keep competing to buy cattle from shrinking cattle inventories. Stepped up culling adds to the current supply of beef on the market. AgDM Newsletter August 2022 Strong beef demand boosts cull bull marketĭry weather, drought, high input costs, and strong cull breeding stock prices are bringing a surge of cull beef cows and bulls to slaughter.

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